--- title: Some people say sales tax is fair because everyone pays when they sp… — Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools · tree and pragmatics description: Some people say sales tax is fair because everyone pays when they spend; others say it hits poorer families harder because they spend most of what they have. Who acts: people, sales tax, everyone, Taxes. A sentence of the lesson «Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools» of the politics cou --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/) / 16 # Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools, sentence 16 Some people say sales tax is fair because everyone pays when they spend; others say it hits poorer families harder because they spend most of what they have. **Who acts:** people, sales tax, everyone, Taxes, others, area · **What happens:** say, be, pay, spend, hit, have · **To what, where:** poorer families, most · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, sales tax, everyone, Taxes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:008-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools.lesson:16 # text = Some people say sales tax is fair because everyone pays when they spend; others say it hits poorer families harder because they spend most of what they have. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 008-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 sales sale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 compound _ _ 5 tax tax NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 7 fair fair ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 ccomp _ _ 8 because because SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 9 everyone everyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 10 nsubj _ _ 10 pays pay VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 advcl _ _ 11 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 13 advmod _ _ 12 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 13 spend spend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:conj 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 15 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 16 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 hits hit VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 ccomp _ _ 19 poorer poor ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 20 amod _ _ 20 families family NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 21 harder hard ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 18 advmod _ _ 22 because because SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 spend spend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 25 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 24 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBS:Degree=Sup 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 24 obl _ _ 28 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 acl:relcl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some people | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | sales tax | | | | | fair *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **pay** | present | everyone | | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **spend** | present | Taxes *= tax* | | | | | | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | others | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **hit** | present | area | poorer families | | | | hard *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme family=Co-Theme | | 7 | **spend** | present | Taxes *= tax* | most | | | | | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Asset | | 8 | **have** | present | Taxes *= tax* | | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:008-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/15/) - next →: [Around the English-speaking world: Can…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/)