--- title: Big countries are split into parts with their own leaders, like US g… — Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools · tree and pragmatics description: Big countries are split into parts with their own leaders, like US governors and Canadian or Australian premiers, and grown-ups argue at Sunday lunch about whether taxes should be lower so people keep more money, or higher so there are better services. Who acts: grown ups, taxes, people, better serv --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/) / 4 # Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools, sentence 4 Big countries are split into parts with their own leaders, like US governors and Canadian or Australian premiers, and grown-ups argue at Sunday lunch about whether taxes should be lower so people keep more money, or higher so there are better services. **Who acts:** grown ups, taxes, people, better services · **What happens:** split, grow, argue, be, keep · **To what, where:** Big countries, parts, Sunday lunch, more money This is a sentence of the lesson «Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grown ups, taxes, people, better services), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:008-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools.lesson:4 # text = Big countries are split into parts with their own leaders, like US governors and Canadian or Australian premiers, and grown-ups argue at Sunday lunch about whether taxes should be lower so people keep more money, or higher so there are better services. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 008-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 split split VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 into into ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 parts part NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 7 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 9 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 leaders leader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 like like ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 US US PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 governors governor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:obl 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 16 Canadian Canadian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 17 or or CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 Australian Australian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj _ _ 19 premiers premier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=4:punct 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 22 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 24 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=24:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 23 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 24 punct _ _ 24 ups up NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 25 argue argue VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 26 at at ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 Sunday Sunday PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 lunch lunch NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 29 about about SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=34:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 30 whether whether SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 31 taxes tax NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 32 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 33 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 34 cop _ _ 34 lower low ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 25 advcl _ _ 35 so so ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 36 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ _ 37 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 advcl _ _ 38 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 39 amod _ _ 39 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 41 or or CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 42 higher high ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 34 conj _ _ 43 so so ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ _ 44 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 45 expl _ _ 45 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 advcl _ _ 46 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 47 amod _ _ 47 services service NOUN NNS Number=Plur 45 nsubj _ _ 48 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **split** | present · passive | | Big countries | | | | into parts with countries's own leaders like US governors and Canadian premiers *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient into part=Result | | 2 | **grow** | participle | | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present | grown ups | | | Sunday lunch | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | should | taxes | | | | | low *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **keep** | present | people | more money | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme | | 6 | **be** | | taxes *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **does** | present | better services | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:008-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/3/) - next →: [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/)