--- title: Small roads are often looked after by the council and big roads by t… — Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools · tree and pragmatics description: Small roads are often looked after by the council and big roads by the region or national government; fixing them costs a lot, so councils choose which potholes to fill first. Who acts: council, fixing, councils. A sentence of the lesson «Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools» of the pol --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/) / 9 # Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools, sentence 9 Small roads are often looked after by the council and big roads by the region or national government; fixing them costs a lot, so councils choose which potholes to fill first. **Who acts:** council, fixing, councils · **What happens:** look after, fix, cost, choose, fill · **To what, where:** Small roads, roads, lot, potholes This is a sentence of the lesson «Taxes and local councils: bins, roads and schools» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (council, fixing, councils), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:008-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools.lesson:9 # text = Small roads are often looked after by the council and big roads by the region or national government; fixing them costs a lot, so councils choose which potholes to fill first. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 008-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 roads road NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 4 often often ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 looked look VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 after after ADP RP _ 5 compound:prt _ _ 7 by by ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 council council NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl:agent _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 roads road NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 13 by by ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 region region NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 16 or or CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 national national ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 government government NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 fixing fix VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 csubj _ _ 21 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 costs cost VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 lot lot NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 27 councils council NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 28 choose choose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 29 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 30 det _ _ 30 potholes pothole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 fill fill VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 acl _ _ 33 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 32 advmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **look after** | present · passive | the council and big roads by the region or national government | Small roads | | | | often *property* | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 2 | **fix** | gerund | | roads *= road* | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 3 | **cost** | present | fixing | a lot | | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme lot=Value | | 4 | **choose** | present | councils | which potholes | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pothole=Theme | | 5 | **fill** | to-infinitive | councils *not said here* | which potholes *not said here* | | | | first *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:008-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/8/) - next →: [Taxes and local councils: bins, roads…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/8-taxes-and-local-councils-bins-roads-and-schools/)