--- title: New Zealand and Australia hold national elections at least every thr… — Around the English-speaking world: Canada, Austr… · tree and pragmatics description: New Zealand and Australia hold national elections at least every three years, the USA elects a president every four years, and the UK holds a general election at least every five years. Who acts: New Zealand, USA, UK. A sentence of the lesson «Around the English-speaking world: Canada, Australia, Ir --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Around the English-speaking world: Can…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/) / 16 # Around the English-speaking world: Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, sentence 16 New Zealand and Australia hold national elections at least every three years, the USA elects a president every four years, and the UK holds a general election at least every five years. **Who acts:** New Zealand, USA, UK · **What happens:** hold, elect · **To what, where:** national elections, president, general election This is a sentence of the lesson «Around the English-speaking world: Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (New Zealand, USA, UK), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:009-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand.lesson:16 # text = New Zealand and Australia hold national elections at least every three years, the USA elects a president every four years, and the UK holds a general election at least every five years. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 009-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×3 1 New New PROPN NNP _ 2 flat _ _ 2 Zealand Zealand PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 Australia Australia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 5 hold hold VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 national national ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 elections election NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 at at ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 least least ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 11 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:nmod 10 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 12 det _ _ 11 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 12 nummod _ _ 12 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=5:punct 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 USA USA PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 elects elect VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 president president NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 21 det _ _ 20 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 21 nummod _ _ 21 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl:unmarked _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 UK UK PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 26 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 general general ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 election election NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 30 at at ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 least least ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 33 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:obl 32 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 34 det _ _ 33 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 34 nummod _ _ 34 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:obl:unmarked 35 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hold** | present | New Zealand and Australia | national elections | | | year | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent election=Theme | | 2 | **elect** | present | the USA | a president | | | year | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent president=Theme | | 3 | **hold** | present | the UK | a general election | | | year | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent election=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:009-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Around the English-speaking world: Can…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/15/) - next →: [Around the English-speaking world: Can…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/)