--- title: Canada has two official languages, English and French; MPs may speak… — Around the English-speaking world: Canada, Austr… · tree and pragmatics description: Canada has two official languages, English and French; MPs may speak either, interpreters translate as they speak, and laws are written in both. Who acts: Canada, MPs, interpreters. A sentence of the lesson «Around the English-speaking world: Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand» of the politics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Around the English-speaking world: Can…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/) / 6 # Around the English-speaking world: Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, sentence 6 Canada has two official languages, English and French; MPs may speak either, interpreters translate as they speak, and laws are written in both. **Who acts:** Canada, MPs, interpreters · **What happens:** have, speak, translate, write · **To what, where:** two official languages, laws, both · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Around the English-speaking world: Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Canada, MPs, interpreters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:009-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand.lesson:6 # text = Canada has two official languages, English and French; MPs may speak either, interpreters translate as they speak, and laws are written in both. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 009-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Canada Canada PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 4 official official ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 appos _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 French French PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 11 MPs mp NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 12 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 speak speak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 parataxis _ _ 14 either either ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=14:punct 16 interpreters interpreter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 translate translate VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 18 as as SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 19 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 speak speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 advcl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 23 laws law NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj:pass _ _ 24 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux:pass _ _ 25 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 conj _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 25 obl _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Canada | two official languages | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | may | MPs | | | | | either *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **translate** | present | interpreters | | | | | | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | MPs *= mp* | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **write** | present · passive | | laws | | both | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in both=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:009-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Around the English-speaking world: Can…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/5/) - next →: [Around the English-speaking world: Can…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/9-around-the-english-speaking-world-canada-australia-ireland-new-zealand/)