--- title: Arguing well is not shouting; it is giving reasons: "I think X becau… — How to argue: reasons and evidence · tree and pragmatics description: Arguing well is not shouting; it is giving reasons: "I think X because Y". Who acts: Arguing, it, I. A sentence of the lesson «How to argue: reasons and evidence» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Religion ethics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/) / [How to argue: reasons and evidence](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/) / 0 # How to argue: reasons and evidence, sentence 0 Arguing well is not shouting; it is giving reasons: "I think X because Y". **Who acts:** Arguing, it, I · **What happens:** argue, not be, give, think · **To what, where:** reasons, X · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «How to argue: reasons and evidence» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arguing, it, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:religion-ethics:039-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence.lesson:0 # text = Arguing well is not shouting; it is giving reasons: "I think X because Y". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = religion-ethics # lesson = 039-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Arguing argue VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 csubj _ _ 2 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 1 advmod _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 shouting shout VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 ; ; PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 7 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 giving give VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 10 reasons reason NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 12 " " PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ _ 13 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 15 X x NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:obj|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 16 because because ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 17 case _ _ 17 Y Y PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 " " PUNCT '' _ 14 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=15:punct 19 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | gerund | | | | | | well *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **not** **be** *speech: express* | present | Arguing | | | | | shout *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **give** | present · progressive | it | reasons | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme | | 4 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | present | I | X | | | | because Y | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot x=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:religion-ethics:039-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Golden Rule in many traditions, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/38-the-golden-rule-in-many-traditions/17/) - next →: [How to argue: reasons and evidence, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/)