--- title: A strong thinker looks for the best reasons against their own view,… — How to argue: counter-arguments and respect · tree and pragmatics description: A strong thinker looks for the best reasons against their own view, called counter-arguments, and answers them: either by showing why they are weaker, or by changing their mind. Who acts: strong thinker, counter-arguments, reasons. A sentence of the lesson «How to argue: counter-arguments and respec --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Religion ethics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/) / [How to argue: counter-arguments and re…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/) / 0 # How to argue: counter-arguments and respect, sentence 0 A strong thinker looks for the best reasons against their own view, called counter-arguments, and answers them: either by showing why they are weaker, or by changing their mind. **Who acts:** strong thinker, counter-arguments, reasons · **What happens:** look, call, answer, show, be, change · **To what, where:** counter-arguments, mind · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «How to argue: counter-arguments and respect» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strong thinker, counter-arguments, reasons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:religion-ethics:040-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect.lesson:0 # text = A strong thinker looks for the best reasons against their own view, called counter-arguments, and answers them: either by showing why they are weaker, or by changing their mind. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = religion-ethics # lesson = 040-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 thinker thinker NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 looks look VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 for for ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 best good ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 amod _ _ 8 reasons reason NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 9 against against ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 11 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 view view NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 acl _ _ 15 counter-arguments counter-argument NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 appos _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 answers answer VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 19 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 : : PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 21 either either CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 by by SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 23 showing show VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 18 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:parataxis 24 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 27 advmod _ _ 25 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 26 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 27 weaker weak ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 23 ccomp _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 or or CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 by by SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 31 changing change VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 23 conj _ _ 32 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 mind mind NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **look** | present | a strong thinker | | | | | for the best reasons against reasons's own view | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for reason=Theme | | 2 | **call** | participle | | counter-arguments *not said here* | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **answer** *speech: assert* | present | a strong thinker *not said here* | | counter-arguments *= counter-argument* | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent they=Eventuality | | 4 | **show** | gerund | a strong thinker *not said here* | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | present | counter-arguments *= counter-argument* | | | | | weak *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **change** | gerund | a strong thinker *not said here* | counter-arguments's mind | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mind=Patient | | 7 | **view** | | reasons *= reason* | | | | | | nom view «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | | 8 | **mind** | | counter-arguments *= counter-argument* | | | | | | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:religion-ethics:040-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How to argue: reasons and evidence, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/39-how-to-argue-reasons-and-evidence/19/) - next →: [How to argue: counter-arguments and re…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/40-how-to-argue-counter-arguments-and-respect/)