---
title: Those without a voice include animals, babies and small children, an… — Whistle-blowing: when to tell · tree and pragmatics
description: Those without a voice include animals, babies and small children, and anyone too scared to speak. Who acts: Those. A sentence of the lesson «Whistle-blowing: when to tell» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Whistle-blowing: when to tell, sentence 18

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Those without a voice include animals, babies and small children, and anyone too scared to speak.

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**Who acts:** Those · **What happens:** include, speak · **To what, where:** animals · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Whistle-blowing: when to tell» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:religion-ethics:045-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell.lesson:18
# text = Those without a voice include animals, babies and small children, and anyone too scared to speak.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = religion-ethics
# lesson = 045-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	without	without	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	include	include	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	conj	_	_
15	too	too	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	scared	scared	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | Those | animals and babies and small children |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Those *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:religion-ethics:045-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell.lesson:18`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Whistle-blowing: when to tell, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/45-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell/16/)
- next →: [Animals, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/46-animals/0/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/45-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell/)