--- title: Speaking up can cost you friends, which is why it takes courage; for… — Whistle-blowing: when to tell · tree and pragmatics description: Speaking up can cost you friends, which is why it takes courage; for a child today, it means knowing your trusted adults and using your voice for people and animals who have none. Who acts: Speaking, friends, courage, people. A sentence of the lesson «Whistle-blowing: when to tell» of the religion e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/45-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Religion ethics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/) / [Whistle-blowing: when to tell](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/45-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell/) / 4 # Whistle-blowing: when to tell, sentence 4 Speaking up can cost you friends, which is why it takes courage; for a child today, it means knowing your trusted adults and using your voice for people and animals who have none. **Who acts:** Speaking, friends, courage, people · **What happens:** speak up, cost, be, mean, know, trust · **To what, where:** friends, you, trusted adults, voice, none · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Whistle-blowing: when to tell» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Speaking, friends, courage, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:religion-ethics:045-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell.lesson:4 # text = Speaking up can cost you friends, which is why it takes courage; for a child today, it means knowing your trusted adults and using your voice for people and animals who have none. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = religion-ethics # lesson = 045-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Speaking speak VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 csubj _ _ 2 up up ADP RP _ 1 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=1:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 cost cost VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 iobj _ _ 6 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 8 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 10 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 12 advmod _ _ 11 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 takes take VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ _ 13 courage courage NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 15 for for ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 child child NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 18 today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod:unmarked _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 22 knowing know VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 21 ccomp _ _ 23 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 24 trusted trust VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 25 amod _ _ 25 adults adult NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 using use VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 conj _ _ 28 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 for for ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 conj _ _ 34 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 35 nsubj _ _ 35 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=33:acl:relcl 36 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 35 obj _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **speak up** *speech: other* | gerund | | | | | | | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **cost** | can | Speaking | friends | you | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme you=Beneficiary friend=Value | | 3 | **is** | present | friends | | | | | take *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **mean** | present | courage | | | | | for a child today | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **know** | gerund | | your trusted adults | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer adult=Stimulus | | 6 | **trust** | participle | | | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **use** | gerund | | your voice | | | | for people and animals | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent voice=Theme for people=Eventuality | | 8 | **have** | present | people and animals | none | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent none=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:religion-ethics:045-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Whistle-blowing: when to tell, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/45-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell/3/) - next →: [Whistle-blowing: when to tell, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/45-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/45-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell/)