---
title: Zoos can protect endangered species and teach people, but cages limi… — Animals · tree and pragmatics
description: Zoos can protect endangered species and teach people, but cages limit animals' freedom; whether zoos should exist is disputed. Who acts: Zoos, cages. A sentence of the lesson «Animals» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Animals, sentence 11

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Zoos can protect endangered species and teach people, but cages limit animals' freedom; whether zoos should exist is disputed.

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**Who acts:** Zoos, cages · **What happens:** protect, teach, limit, exist, dispute · **To what, where:** endangered species, people, freedom

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Animals» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zoos, cages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:religion-ethics:046-animals.lesson:11
# text = Zoos can protect endangered species and teach people, but cages limit animals' freedom; whether zoos should exist is disputed.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = religion-ethics
# lesson = 046-animals.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Zoos	zoo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	protect	protect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	endangered	endangered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=3:cc
7	teach	teach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=3:cc
11	cages	cage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	limit	limit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	'	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	freedom	freedom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=3:punct
17	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	zoos	zoo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
19	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	exist	exist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	csubj:pass	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	disputed	dispute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | can | Zoos | endangered species |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent species=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* | infinitive | Zoos *not said here* |  | people |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient |
| 3 | **limit** | present | cages | animals's freedom |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer freedom=Patient |
| 4 | **exist** | should | zoos |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **dispute** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4 «NP V» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:religion-ethics:046-animals.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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