--- title: Whether rich countries that polluted more should pay to help poorer… — The environment · tree and pragmatics description: Whether rich countries that polluted more should pay to help poorer countries is a disputed question. Who acts: rich countries. A sentence of the lesson «The environment» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/47-the-environment/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Religion ethics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/) / [The environment](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/47-the-environment/) / 13 # The environment, sentence 13 Whether rich countries that polluted more should pay to help poorer countries is a disputed question. **Who acts:** rich countries · **What happens:** pollute, pay, help, dispute, be · **To what, where:** poorer countries, disputed question · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The environment» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rich countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:religion-ethics:047-the-environment.lesson:13 # text = Whether rich countries that polluted more should pay to help poorer countries is a disputed question. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = religion-ethics # lesson = 047-the-environment.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Whether whether SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 2 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 4 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 polluted pollute VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 6 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 5 advmod _ _ 7 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 pay pay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 csubj _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 help help VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:xcomp 11 poorer poor ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 12 amod _ _ 12 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 disputed dispute VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 16 question question NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 17 . . PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pollute** | past | rich countries | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **pay** | should | rich countries | | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **help** | to-infinitive | rich countries *not said here* | poorer countries | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Beneficiary | | 4 | **dispute** | participle | | | | | | | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **be** *speech: other* | present | | a disputed question | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:religion-ethics:047-the-environment.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The environment, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/47-the-environment/12/) - next →: [The environment, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/47-the-environment/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/47-the-environment/)