--- title: The ancient Greek thinker Aristotle said courage is doing the right… — Owning up when it is hard · tree and pragmatics description: The ancient Greek thinker Aristotle said courage is doing the right thing in spite of fear, and the Bible says, "Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong" (Exodus 23:2). Who acts: ancient Greek thinker, courage, Bible, crowd. A sentence of the lesson «Owning up when it is hard» of the religion ethics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Religion ethics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/) / [Owning up when it is hard](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/) / 2 # Owning up when it is hard, sentence 2 The ancient Greek thinker Aristotle said courage is doing the right thing in spite of fear, and the Bible says, "Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong" (Exodus 23:2). **Who acts:** ancient Greek thinker, courage, Bible, crowd · **What happens:** say, do, not follow, spite · **To what, where:** right thing, spite, crowd, fear · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Owning up when it is hard» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ancient Greek thinker, courage, Bible, crowd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:religion-ethics:091-owning-up-when-it-is-hard.lesson:2 # text = The ancient Greek thinker Aristotle said courage is doing the right thing in spite of fear, and the Bible says, "Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong" (Exodus 23:2). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = religion-ethics # lesson = 091-owning-up-when-it-is-hard.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 ancient ancient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 3 Greek Greek ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 thinker thinker NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:appos 5 Aristotle Aristotle PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 courage courage NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 doing do VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 ccomp _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 right right ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 spite spite NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:nmod 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 fear fear NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 Bible Bible PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 " " PUNCT `` _ 26 punct _ _ 24 Do do AUX VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 25 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 26 advmod _ _ 26 follow follow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 ccomp _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 crowd crowd NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 in in SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 30 doing do VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 28 acl _ _ 31 wrong wrong ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 32 " " PUNCT '' _ 28 punct _ _ 33 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 34 punct _ _ 34 Exodus exodus NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 appos _ _ 35 23:2 23:2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 34 flat _ _ 36 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 34 punct _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the ancient Greek thinker | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **do** | present · progressive | courage | the right thing | | spite of fear | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Bible | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **not** **follow** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support | | the crowd | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crowd=Theme | | 5 | **do** *in a quote* | gerund | the crowd *not said here* | | | | | wrong *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **spite** | | | fear | | | | | nom spite «feeling transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:religion-ethics:091-owning-up-when-it-is-hard.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Owning up when it is hard, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/1/) - next →: [Owning up when it is hard, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/)