--- title: The hardest case is when someone innocent is punished for your fault… — Owning up when it is hard · tree and pragmatics description: The hardest case is when someone innocent is punished for your fault; letting it go on is "false witness by silence", so you speak up even if it means trouble for you. Who acts: courage, you, your. A sentence of the lesson «Owning up when it is hard» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Religion ethics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/) / [Owning up when it is hard](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/) / 3 # Owning up when it is hard, sentence 3 The hardest case is when someone innocent is punished for your fault; letting it go on is "false witness by silence", so you speak up even if it means trouble for you. **Who acts:** courage, you, your · **What happens:** be, punish, let, go on, speak up, mean · **To what, where:** hardest case, someone, false witness, trouble · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Owning up when it is hard» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (courage, you, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:religion-ethics:091-owning-up-when-it-is-hard.lesson:3 # text = The hardest case is when someone innocent is punished for your fault; letting it go on is "false witness by silence", so you speak up even if it means trouble for you. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = religion-ethics # lesson = 091-owning-up-when-it-is-hard.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 hardest hard ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 3 amod _ _ 3 case case NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 5 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 9 advmod _ _ 6 someone someone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 9 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:compound 7 innocent innocent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:nsubj:pass|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 punished punish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 ccomp _ _ 10 for for ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 fault fault NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 14 letting let VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 advcl _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 xcomp _ _ 17 on on ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 cop _ _ 19 " " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ _ 20 false false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 witness witness NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 22 by by ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 silence silence NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 " " PUNCT '' _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=23:punct 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 27 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 speak speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 29 up up ADP RP _ 28 compound:prt _ _ 30 even even ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:advmod 31 if if SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 32 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 advcl _ _ 34 trouble trouble NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 35 for for ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 nmod _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | | the hardest case | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **punish** | present · passive | | someone | | | | for your fault | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Patient for fault=Theme | | 3 | **let** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **go on** | infinitive | courage | | | | | | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | | false witness | | | | by silence | tree rules | | 6 | **speak up** *speech: other* | present | you | | | | | | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **mean** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | courage | trouble | | | | for you | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot trouble=Theme for you=Attribute | | 8 | **fault** | | your | | | | | | nom fault «act transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:religion-ethics:091-owning-up-when-it-is-hard.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Owning up when it is hard, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/2/) - next →: [Owning up when it is hard, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/91-owning-up-when-it-is-hard/)