--- title: Paul wrote that an athlete does not receive "the victor's crown exce… — Cheating at games and sport · tree and pragmatics description: Paul wrote that an athlete does not receive "the victor's crown except by competing according to the rules" (2 Timothy 2:5), and fair play awards go to players who tell the referee the truth. Who acts: Paul, athlete, play awards, players. A sentence of the lesson «Cheating at games and sport» of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/93-cheating-at-games-and-sport/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Religion ethics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/) / [Cheating at games and sport](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/93-cheating-at-games-and-sport/) / 3 # Cheating at games and sport, sentence 3 Paul wrote that an athlete does not receive "the victor's crown except by competing according to the rules" (2 Timothy 2:5), and fair play awards go to players who tell the referee the truth. **Who acts:** Paul, athlete, play awards, players, victor · **What happens:** write, not receive, compete, accord, go, tell · **To what, where:** 2, crown, players, truth, referee · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Cheating at games and sport» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Paul, athlete, play awards, players), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:religion-ethics:093-cheating-at-games-and-sport.lesson:3 # text = Paul wrote that an athlete does not receive "the victor's crown except by competing according to the rules" (2 Timothy 2:5), and fair play awards go to players who tell the referee the truth. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = religion-ethics # lesson = 093-cheating-at-games-and-sport.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Paul Paul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 wrote write VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 4 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 athlete athlete NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 6 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 7 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 8 receive receive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 ccomp _ _ 9 " " PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:det 11 victor victor NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod:poss _ _ 12 's 's PART POS _ 11 case _ _ 13 crown crown NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 14 except except ADP IN _ 16 mark _ _ 15 by by SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 16 competing compete VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 17 according accord VERB VBG ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 20 case _ _ 18 to to ADP IN _ 17 fixed _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 rules rule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 21 " " PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ _ 22 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 23 punct _ _ 23 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 24 Timothy Timothy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 nmod:unmarked _ _ 25 2:5 2:5 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 flat _ _ 26 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 23 punct _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 29 fair fair ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:amod 30 play play NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 awards award NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ _ 32 go go VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 33 to to ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 players player NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obl _ _ 35 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 36 nsubj _ _ 36 tell tell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 acl:relcl _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 referee referee NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 iobj _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **write** | past | Paul | 2 Timothy | | | | | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **not** **receive** | present · do-support | a athlete | the victor's crown | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crown=Theme | | 3 | **compete** *in a quote* | gerund | Paul *not said here* | | | | | accord the rules | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **accord** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **go** | present | play awards | | | players | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to player=Initial\_Location | | 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | players | the truth | the referee | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent referee=Recipient truth=Topic | | 7 | **crown** *in a quote* | | the victor | | | | | | nom crown «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:religion-ethics:093-cheating-at-games-and-sport.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Cheating at games and sport, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/93-cheating-at-games-and-sport/2/) - next →: [Cheating at games and sport, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/93-cheating-at-games-and-sport/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/religion-ethics/93-cheating-at-games-and-sport/)