--- title: The Sun is a ball of gas, so different parts spin at different speed… — The Sun, our star · tree and pragmatics description: The Sun is a ball of gas, so different parts spin at different speeds: about 25 days at its equator and about 35 days near its poles; astronomers first noticed the Sun spins by watching sunspots move across its face. Who acts: Sun, different parts, astronomers, sunspots. A sentence of the lesson «Th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/1-the-sun-our-star/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [The Sun, our star](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/1-the-sun-our-star/) / 18 # The Sun, our star, sentence 18 The Sun is a ball of gas, so different parts spin at different speeds: about 25 days at its equator and about 35 days near its poles; astronomers first noticed the Sun spins by watching sunspots move across its face. **Who acts:** Sun, different parts, astronomers, sunspots · **What happens:** be, spin, notice, watch, move · **To what, where:** ball, different speeds, face · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Sun, our star» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sun, different parts, astronomers, sunspots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:001-the-sun-our-star.lesson:18 # text = The Sun is a ball of gas, so different parts spin at different speeds: about 25 days at its equator and about 35 days near its poles; astronomers first noticed the Sun spins by watching sunspots move across its face. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 001-the-sun-our-star.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 ball ball NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 9 so so ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 10 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 parts part NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 12 spin spin VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 13 at at ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 speeds speed NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 17 about about ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 25 25 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 appos _ _ 20 at at ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 equator equator NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 24 about about ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 35 35 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 26 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 conj _ _ 27 near near ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 poles pole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 30 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 31 astronomers astronomer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 32 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 33 advmod _ _ 33 noticed notice VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ _ 36 spins spin VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 ccomp _ _ 37 by by SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 38 watching watch VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 33 advcl _ _ 39 sunspots sunspot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 nsubj _ _ 40 move move VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 38 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=38:ccomp|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 across across ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the Sun | a ball | | | | of gas | tree rules | | 2 | **spin** | present | different parts | | | different speeds | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme at speed=Trajectory | | 3 | **notice** | past | astronomers | | | | | first *property* | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **spin** | present | the Sun | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **watch** | gerund | astronomers *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **move** | infinitive | sunspots | | | Sun's face | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme across face=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:001-the-sun-our-star.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Sun, our star, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/1-the-sun-our-star/17/) - next →: [How the Solar System was born, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/2-how-the-solar-system-was-born/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/1-the-sun-our-star/)