--- title: Neptune was found with a pencil before a telescope: mathematicians s… — Uranus and Neptune · tree and pragmatics description: Neptune was found with a pencil before a telescope: mathematicians saw Uranus being tugged off course, worked out where the hidden planet must be, and astronomers found it there in 1846. Who acts: mathematicians, hidden planet, astronomers. A sentence of the lesson «Uranus and Neptune» of the space --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/14-uranus-and-neptune/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Uranus and Neptune](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/14-uranus-and-neptune/) / 3 # Uranus and Neptune, sentence 3 Neptune was found with a pencil before a telescope: mathematicians saw Uranus being tugged off course, worked out where the hidden planet must be, and astronomers found it there in 1846. **Who acts:** mathematicians, hidden planet, astronomers · **What happens:** find, see, tug, work out, be · **To what, where:** Neptune, Uranus, planet, 1846 · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Uranus and Neptune» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mathematicians, hidden planet, astronomers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:014-uranus-and-neptune.lesson:3 # text = Neptune was found with a pencil before a telescope: mathematicians saw Uranus being tugged off course, worked out where the hidden planet must be, and astronomers found it there in 1846. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 014-uranus-and-neptune.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Neptune Neptune PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 with with ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 pencil pencil NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 before before ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 telescope telescope NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 11 mathematicians mathematician NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 12 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 13 Uranus Uranus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 tugged tug VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 ccomp _ _ 16 off off ADP IN _ 15 obl _ _ 17 course course NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 fixed _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 worked work VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 20 out out ADP RP _ 19 compound:prt _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=19:compound:prt|HaikuPos=PART:RP:_ 21 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 19 obl _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 hidden hidden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 planet planet NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 25 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 26 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 21 cop _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 astronomers astronomer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 30 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ _ 32 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 30 advmod _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 1846 1846 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 30 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **find** | past · passive | | Neptune | | | before a telescope | with a pencil | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | | 2 | **see** | past | mathematicians | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 3 | **tug** | gerund · passive | | Uranus | | | | | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **work out** | past | mathematicians *not said here* | | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | must | the hidden planet | | | | | where *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **find** | past | astronomers | planet | | 1846; there | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:014-uranus-and-neptune.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Uranus and Neptune, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/14-uranus-and-neptune/2/) - next →: [Uranus and Neptune, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/14-uranus-and-neptune/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/14-uranus-and-neptune/)