--- title: Meteor showers happen when the Earth passes through trails of dust l… — Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets · tree and pragmatics description: Meteor showers happen when the Earth passes through trails of dust left by comets, such as the Perseids every August. Who acts: Meteor showers, Earth. A sentence of the lesson «Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/) / 16 # Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets, sentence 16 Meteor showers happen when the Earth passes through trails of dust left by comets, such as the Perseids every August. **Who acts:** Meteor showers, Earth · **What happens:** happen, pass, leave · **To what, where:** trails This is a sentence of the lesson «Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Meteor showers, Earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:015-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets.lesson:16 # text = Meteor showers happen when the Earth passes through trails of dust left by comets, such as the Perseids every August. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 015-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Meteor meteor NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 showers shower NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 happen happen VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 7 advmod _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 7 passes pass VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 8 through through ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 trails trail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 12 left leave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:acl 13 by by ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 comets comet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl:agent _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 19 case _ _ 17 as as ADP IN _ 16 fixed _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 Perseids perseid NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod _ _ 20 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 21 det _ _ 21 August August PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 obl:unmarked _ _ 22 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **happen** | present | Meteor showers | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **pass** | present | the Earth | | | trails of dust | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through trail=Location | | 3 | **leave** | participle | | trails of dust *not said here* | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:015-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/15/) - next →: [Meteors, meteorites and shooting stars, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/16-meteors-meteorites-and-shooting-stars/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/)