---
title: Pluto was discovered in 1930 by Clyde Tombaugh, a young American ast… — Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets · tree and pragmatics
description: Pluto was discovered in 1930 by Clyde Tombaugh, a young American astronomer, by comparing photographs of the sky taken days apart. Who acts: Clyde. A sentence of the lesson «Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and t
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/5/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/) / 5

# Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets, sentence 5

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pluto was discovered in 1930 by Clyde Tombaugh, a young American astronomer, by comparing photographs of the sky taken days apart.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Clyde · **What happens:** discover, compare, take · **To what, where:** Pluto, 1930, photographs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Clyde), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:space:015-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets.lesson:5
# text = Pluto was discovered in 1930 by Clyde Tombaugh, a young American astronomer, by comparing photographs of the sky taken days apart.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = space
# lesson = 015-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	discovered	discover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	1930	1930	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Clyde	Clyde	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl:agent	_	_
8	Tombaugh	Tombaugh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:appos
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	astronomer	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	comparing	compare	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	advcl	_	_
17	photographs	photograph	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
22	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl:unmarked	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:obl:unmarked
23	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discover** | past · passive | Clyde | Pluto |  | 1930 |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
| 2 | **compare** | gerund | Clyde *not said here* | photographs of the sky |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent photograph=Patient |
| 3 | **take** | participle |  | photographs of the sky *not said here* |  |  |  | apart *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:015-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/4/)
- next →: [Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/6/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/)