---
title: No red dwarf in the universe has yet died of old age, because the un… — How stars live · tree and pragmatics
description: No red dwarf in the universe has yet died of old age, because the universe, about 13.8 billion years old, is far younger than their lifespans. Who acts: red dwarf, universe. A sentence of the lesson «How stars live» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/12/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [How stars live](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/) / 12

# How stars live, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No red dwarf in the universe has yet died of old age, because the universe, about 13.8 billion years old, is far younger than their lifespans.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** red dwarf, universe · **What happens:** die, be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «How stars live» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (red dwarf, universe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:space:018-how-stars-live.lesson:12
# text = No red dwarf in the universe has yet died of old age, because the universe, about 13.8 billion years old, is far younger than their lifespans.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = space
# lesson = 018-how-stars-live.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
2	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	dwarf	dwarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	universe	universe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	universe	universe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:advcl
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct
18	about	about	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	13.8	13.8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	compound	_	_
20	billion	billion	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl:unmarked	_	_
22	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:conj
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
25	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	26	advmod	_	_
26	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	advcl	_	_
27	than	than	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	lifespans	lifespan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | present · perfect | no red dwarf in the universe |  |  |  | of old age; yet |  | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient of age=Causer |
| 2 | **is** | present | the universe |  |  |  |  | than dwarfs's lifespans; far, young *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:018-how-stars-live.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [How stars live, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/11/)
- next →: [How stars live, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/13/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/)