--- title: Stars spend about 90% of their lives steadily turning hydrogen into… — How stars live · tree and pragmatics description: Stars spend about 90% of their lives steadily turning hydrogen into helium; the Sun is about 4.6 billion years old, roughly halfway through its life of about 10 billion years. Who acts: Stars, Sun. A sentence of the lesson «How stars live» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its depend --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [How stars live](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/) / 2 # How stars live, sentence 2 Stars spend about 90% of their lives steadily turning hydrogen into helium; the Sun is about 4.6 billion years old, roughly halfway through its life of about 10 billion years. **Who acts:** Stars, Sun · **What happens:** spend, turn, be · **To what, where:** hydrogen, helium, life This is a sentence of the lesson «How stars live» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Stars, Sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:018-how-stars-live.lesson:2 # text = Stars spend about 90% of their lives steadily turning hydrogen into helium; the Sun is about 4.6 billion years old, roughly halfway through its life of about 10 billion years. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 018-how-stars-live.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Stars star NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 spend spend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 about about ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 90 90 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 5 % % SYM NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 lives life NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 9 steadily steadily ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 turning turn VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 11 hydrogen hydrogen NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 12 into into ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 helium helium NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:nmod 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 17 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 18 about about ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 19 4.6 4.6 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 compound _ _ 20 billion billion NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 21 nummod _ _ 21 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl:unmarked _ _ 22 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 roughly roughly ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 halfway halfway ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 26 through through ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:conj 29 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 30 about about ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 31 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 32 compound _ _ 32 billion billion NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 33 nummod _ _ 33 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spend** | present | Stars | | | | | | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent %=Asset | | 2 | **turn** | gerund | Stars *not said here* | hydrogen | | helium | | steadily *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent hydrogen=Theme into helium=Trajectory | | 3 | **is** | present | the Sun | | | life's life of billion years | year | old *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:018-how-stars-live.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How stars live, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/1/) - next →: [How stars live, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/)