--- title: When a star like the Sun runs short of hydrogen in its core, it swel… — How stars die · tree and pragmatics description: When a star like the Sun runs short of hydrogen in its core, it swells into a red giant hundreds of times wider; in about 5 billion years the Sun will do this, swallowing Mercury and Venus and possibly the Earth. Who acts: star, Sun. A sentence of the lesson «How stars die» of the space course of Mo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/19-how-stars-die/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [How stars die](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/19-how-stars-die/) / 0 # How stars die, sentence 0 When a star like the Sun runs short of hydrogen in its core, it swells into a red giant hundreds of times wider; in about 5 billion years the Sun will do this, swallowing Mercury and Venus and possibly the Earth. **Who acts:** star, Sun · **What happens:** run, swell, do, swallow · **To what, where:** core, red giant, this, Mercury This is a sentence of the lesson «How stars die» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (star, Sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:019-how-stars-die.lesson:0 # text = When a star like the Sun runs short of hydrogen in its core, it swells into a red giant hundreds of times wider; in about 5 billion years the Sun will do this, swallowing Mercury and Venus and possibly the Earth. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 019-how-stars-die.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 7 advmod _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 star star NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 4 like like ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 7 runs run VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 advcl _ _ 8 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 xcomp _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 hydrogen hydrogen NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:obl 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 core core NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 swells swell VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 17 into into ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:det 19 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:amod 20 giant giant NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 21 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nmod _ _ 24 wider wide ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 23 advmod _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 27 about about ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:advmod 28 5 5 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 compound _ _ 29 billion billion NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 30 nummod _ _ 30 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 33 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:conj 35 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 obj _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 37 swallowing swallow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 34 advcl _ _ 38 Mercury Mercury PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 40 Venus Venus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 conj _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 42 possibly possibly ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 conj _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - hedged: yes - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **run** | present | a star like the Sun | | | star's core | | short *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in core=Trajectory | | 2 | **swell** | present | star | a red giant | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient hundred=Extent | | 3 | **do** | future | the Sun | this | | | year | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality | | 4 | **swallow** | gerund | the Sun *not said here* | Mercury and Venus and the Earth | | | | | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mercury=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:019-how-stars-die.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How stars live, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/18-how-stars-live/15/) - next →: [How stars die, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/19-how-stars-die/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/19-how-stars-die/)