---
title: In spring, Leo the lion appears in the south, its head and mane a ba… — Constellations and the night sky in winter and s… · tree and pragmatics
description: In spring, Leo the lion appears in the south, its head and mane a backwards question mark called the Sickle, with bright Regulus at the bottom. Who acts: Leo, backwards question mark. A sentence of the lesson «Constellations and the night sky in winter and spring» of the space course of Mova's prima
---

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# Constellations and the night sky in winter and spring, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In spring, Leo the lion appears in the south, its head and mane a backwards question mark called the Sickle, with bright Regulus at the bottom.

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**Who acts:** Leo, backwards question mark · **What happens:** appear, call · **To what, where:** south, head · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Constellations and the night sky in winter and spring» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leo, backwards question mark), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:space:020-constellations-and-the-night-sky-in-winter-and-spring.lesson:15
# text = In spring, Leo the lion appears in the south, its head and mane a backwards question mark called the Sickle, with bright Regulus at the bottom.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = space
# lesson = 020-constellations-and-the-night-sky-in-winter-and-spring.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:appos
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	south	south	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl:unmarked	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	mane	mane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	backwards	backward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Sickle	Sickle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	xcomp	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	Regulus	Regulus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
27	at	at	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | Leo |  |  | the south | spring |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in south=Location |
| 2 | **call** | past | a backwards question mark | lion's head and mane |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:020-constellations-and-the-night-sky-in-winter-and-spring.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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