---
title: X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes have to work in space, because Earth'… — Telescopes and light · tree and pragmatics
description: X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes have to work in space, because Earth's atmosphere blocks those rays. Who acts: X ray, atmosphere. A sentence of the lesson «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Telescopes and light, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes have to work in space, because Earth's atmosphere blocks those rays.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** X ray, atmosphere · **What happens:** have, work, block · **To what, where:** rays

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (X ray, atmosphere), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:space:027-telescopes-and-light.lesson:15
# text = X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes have to work in space, because Earth's atmosphere blocks those rays.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = space
# lesson = 027-telescopes-and-light.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	X	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	_
3	ray	ray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
5	gamma	gamma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	_
7	ray	ray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	telescopes	telescope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
15	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	blocks	block	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
20	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	21	det	_	_
21	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | X ray and ray telescopes |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | to-infinitive | X ray and ray telescopes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in space | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in space=Theme |
| 3 | **block** | present | Earth's atmosphere | that rays |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer ray=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:027-telescopes-and-light.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Telescopes and light, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/27-telescopes-and-light/14/)
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- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/27-telescopes-and-light/)