---
title: Telescopes gather light either with lenses (refractors) or with curv… — Telescopes and light · tree and pragmatics
description: Telescopes gather light either with lenses (refractors) or with curved mirrors (reflectors). Who acts: Telescopes. A sentence of the lesson «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Telescopes and light, sentence 6

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Telescopes gather light either with lenses (refractors) or with curved mirrors (reflectors).

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**Who acts:** Telescopes · **What happens:** gather, curve · **To what, where:** light

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Telescopes and light» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Telescopes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:space:027-telescopes-and-light.lesson:6
# text = Telescopes gather light either with lenses (refractors) or with curved mirrors (reflectors).
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = space
# lesson = 027-telescopes-and-light.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Telescopes	telescope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gather	gather	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	either	either	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	2	advmod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	lenses	lens	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
8	refractors	refractor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	appos	_	_
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	curved	curve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	mirrors	mirror	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	_
15	reflectors	reflector	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	appos	_	_
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | present | Telescopes | light |  |  |  | with lenses or curved mirrors; either *property* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent light=Patient with lens=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **curve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:027-telescopes-and-light.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Telescopes and light, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/27-telescopes-and-light/5/)
- next →: [Telescopes and light, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/27-telescopes-and-light/7/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/27-telescopes-and-light/)