--- title: Split starlight into a rainbow with a prism and you see thin dark li… — How we know: measuring the sky · tree and pragmatics description: Split starlight into a rainbow with a prism and you see thin dark lines, like a barcode: each element (a basic kind of stuff, like hydrogen, helium or iron) leaves its own lines, so we can tell what a star is made of. Who acts: you, element, we. A sentence of the lesson «How we know: measuring the s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [How we know: measuring the sky](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/) / 4 # How we know: measuring the sky, sentence 4 Split starlight into a rainbow with a prism and you see thin dark lines, like a barcode: each element (a basic kind of stuff, like hydrogen, helium or iron) leaves its own lines, so we can tell what a star is made of. **Who acts:** you, element, we · **What happens:** split, see, leave, tell, make · **To what, where:** starlight, rainbow, thin dark lines, own lines, star · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «How we know: measuring the sky» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, element, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:028-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky.lesson:4 # text = Split starlight into a rainbow with a prism and you see thin dark lines, like a barcode: each element (a basic kind of stuff, like hydrogen, helium or iron) leaves its own lines, so we can tell what a star is made of. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 028-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Split split VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 starlight starlight NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 3 into into ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 rainbow rainbow NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ _ 6 with with ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 prism prism NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 see see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 12 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 13 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 lines line NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 like like ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 barcode barcode NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:obl 19 : : PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 20 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 21 det _ _ 21 element element NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ _ 22 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 basic basic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 kind kind NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 appos _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 stuff stuff NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 like like ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 hydrogen hydrogen NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=25:conj 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 helium helium NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:conj 33 or or CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 iron iron NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj _ _ 35 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 36 leaves leave VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 parataxis _ _ 37 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ _ 38 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 lines line NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 obj _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 41 so so ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 42 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 43 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 conj _ _ 45 what what DET WDT PronType=Int 47 det _ _ 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 star star NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 nsubj:pass _ _ 48 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 aux:pass _ _ 49 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 44 ccomp _ _ 50 of of ADP IN _ 49 obl _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **split** | imperative | you *not said here* | starlight | | | | into a rainbow with a prism *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent starlight=Patient into rainbow=Result | | 2 | **see** | present | you | thin dark lines | | | | like a barcode | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer line=Stimulus | | 3 | **leave** | present | each element | element's own lines | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme | | 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | can | we | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **make** | present · passive | | what star | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:028-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How we know: measuring the sky, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/3/) - next →: [How we know: measuring the sky, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/)