--- title: Light from a galaxy rushing away is stretched towards red, like a si… — How we know: measuring the sky · tree and pragmatics description: Light from a galaxy rushing away is stretched towards red, like a siren dropping its pitch as an ambulance drives off: the bigger the stretch, the faster it goes. Who acts: galaxy, siren, ambulance. A sentence of the lesson «How we know: measuring the sky» of the space course of Mova's primary schoo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [How we know: measuring the sky](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/) / 5 # How we know: measuring the sky, sentence 5 Light from a galaxy rushing away is stretched towards red, like a siren dropping its pitch as an ambulance drives off: the bigger the stretch, the faster it goes. **Who acts:** galaxy, siren, ambulance · **What happens:** rush away, stretch, drop, drive off, go · **To what, where:** Light, pitch, bigger stretch This is a sentence of the lesson «How we know: measuring the sky» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (galaxy, siren, ambulance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:028-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky.lesson:5 # text = Light from a galaxy rushing away is stretched towards red, like a siren dropping its pitch as an ambulance drives off: the bigger the stretch, the faster it goes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 028-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 from from ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 galaxy galaxy NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 5 rushing rush VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl _ _ 6 away away ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 stretched stretch VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 9 towards towards ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 like like SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 siren siren NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 dropping drop VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 advcl _ _ 16 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 pitch pitch NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 as as SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 19 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:det 20 ambulance ambulance NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 drives drive VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl _ _ 22 off off ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 23 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 27 amod _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 stretch stretch NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 faster fast ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 32 advmod _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 goes go VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rush away** | gerund | a galaxy *not said here* | | | | | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **stretch** | present · passive | | Light from a galaxy | | | | towards red | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Patient towards red=Recipient | | 3 | **drop** | gerund | a siren | siren's pitch | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pitch=Theme | | 4 | **drive off** | present | a ambulance | | | | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **go** | present | ambulance | the bigger stretch | | | | fast *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:028-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How we know: measuring the sky, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/4/) - next →: [How we know: measuring the sky, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/28-how-we-know-measuring-the-sky/)