---
title: Mercury is the smallest planet and the closest to the Sun, a grey, c… — Mercury · tree and pragmatics
description: Mercury is the smallest planet and the closest to the Sun, a grey, cratered ball only a little bigger than our Moon. Who acts: Mercury. A sentence of the lesson «Mercury» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/0/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Mercury](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/) / 0

# Mercury, sentence 0

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mercury is the smallest planet and the closest to the Sun, a grey, cratered ball only a little bigger than our Moon.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mercury · **What happens:** be, crater · **To what, where:** smallest planet

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mercury» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mercury), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:space:003-mercury.lesson:0
# text = Mercury is the smallest planet and the closest to the Sun, a grey, cratered ball only a little bigger than our Moon.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = space
# lesson = 003-mercury.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	smallest	small	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	closest	close	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	conj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	cratered	crater	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
18	only	only	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	obl:unmarked	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=21:obl:unmarked|HaikuPos=ADJ:RB:Degree=Pos
21	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	17	amod	_	_
22	than	than	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	Moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mercury | the smallest planet |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Mercury *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the Sun | tree rules |
| 3 | **crater** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:003-mercury.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [How the Solar System was born, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/2-how-the-solar-system-was-born/16/)
- next →: [Mercury, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/1/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/)