--- title: Only three spacecraft have gone to Mercury: Mariner 10 in the 1970s,… — Mercury · tree and pragmatics description: Only three spacecraft have gone to Mercury: Mariner 10 in the 1970s, MESSENGER, which orbited from 2011 to 2015, and the European-Japanese BepiColombo, due to enter orbit in late 2026. Who acts: three spacecraft, MESSENGER. A sentence of the lesson «Mercury» of the space course of Mova's primary sch --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Mercury](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/) / 17 # Mercury, sentence 17 Only three spacecraft have gone to Mercury: Mariner 10 in the 1970s, MESSENGER, which orbited from 2011 to 2015, and the European-Japanese BepiColombo, due to enter orbit in late 2026. **Who acts:** three spacecraft, MESSENGER · **What happens:** go, orbit, enter · **To what, where:** Mariner 10, Mercury, 2011, orbit, late 2026 This is a sentence of the lesson «Mercury» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (three spacecraft, MESSENGER), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:003-mercury.lesson:17 # text = Only three spacecraft have gone to Mercury: Mariner 10 in the 1970s, MESSENGER, which orbited from 2011 to 2015, and the European-Japanese BepiColombo, due to enter orbit in late 2026. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 003-mercury.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Only only ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 2 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 3 nummod _ _ 3 spacecraft spacecraft NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 gone go VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Mercury Mercury PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 9 Mariner Mariner PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 flat _ _ 10 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 obl _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 1970s 1970s NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 10 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 MESSENGER MESSENGER PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 nsubj _ _ 18 orbited orbit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 acl:relcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:parataxis 19 from from ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 2011 2011 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 18 obl _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 2015 2015 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 nmod _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 26 European European ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:amod 27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ _ 28 Japanese Japanese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 BepiColombo BepiColombo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 due due ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 29 conj _ _ 32 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 33 enter enter VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 xcomp _ _ 34 orbit orbit NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 35 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 late late ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 2026 2026 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 33 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go** | present · perfect | three spacecraft | Mariner 10 in the 1970s MESSENGER | | Mercury | | the Japanese BepiColombo *obl* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to mercury=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **orbit** | past | MESSENGER | | | 2011 to 2015 | | | vn orbit-51.9.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from 2011=Axis | | 3 | **enter** | to-infinitive | three spacecraft *not said here* | orbit | | late 2026 | | | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme orbit=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:003-mercury.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mercury, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/16/) - next →: [Mercury, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/)