--- title: Venus is almost exactly the size of the Earth and is our nearest pla… — Venus · tree and pragmatics description: Venus is almost exactly the size of the Earth and is our nearest planet, so it is called Earth's twin, but it is a very evil twin. Who acts: Venus, planet. A sentence of the lesson «Venus» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Venus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/) / 0 # Venus, sentence 0 Venus is almost exactly the size of the Earth and is our nearest planet, so it is called Earth's twin, but it is a very evil twin. **Who acts:** Venus, planet · **What happens:** be, call · **To what, where:** size, nearest planet, planet, evil twin · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Venus» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Venus, planet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:004-venus.lesson:0 # text = Venus is almost exactly the size of the Earth and is our nearest planet, so it is called Earth's twin, but it is a very evil twin. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 004-venus.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Venus Venus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 3 almost almost ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 exactly exactly ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 12 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 13 nearest near ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 14 amod _ _ 14 planet planet NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 so so ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj:pass _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux:pass _ _ 19 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=14:conj 20 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nmod:poss _ _ 21 's 's PART POS _ 20 case _ _ 22 twin twin NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:obj 23 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 24 but but CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 cop _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 28 very very ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 evil evil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 twin twin NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Venus | the size and our nearest planet but a evil twin | | | | of the Earth; exactly *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | present | Venus *not said here* | our nearest planet | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **call** | present · passive | | planet | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 4 | **is a** | present | planet | a evil twin | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:004-venus.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mercury, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/3-mercury/18/) - next →: [Venus, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/)