--- title: Venus has more volcanoes than any other planet, and studies of old M… — Venus · tree and pragmatics description: Venus has more volcanoes than any other planet, and studies of old Magellan radar images, published in 2023 and 2024, found lava flows that changed, so some are probably still active. Who acts: Venus, studies, lava flows, some. A sentence of the lesson «Venus» of the space course of Mova's primary s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Venus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/) / 13 # Venus, sentence 13 Venus has more volcanoes than any other planet, and studies of old Magellan radar images, published in 2023 and 2024, found lava flows that changed, so some are probably still active. **Who acts:** Venus, studies, lava flows, some · **What happens:** have, publish, find, change, be, study · **To what, where:** more volcanoes, studies, 2023, lava flows, old radar images This is a sentence of the lesson «Venus» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Venus, studies, lava flows, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:004-venus.lesson:13 # text = Venus has more volcanoes than any other planet, and studies of old Magellan radar images, published in 2023 and 2024, found lava flows that changed, so some are probably still active. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 004-venus.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1 1 Venus Venus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 amod _ _ 4 volcanoes volcano NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 than than ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 8 det _ _ 7 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 planet planet NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=2:punct 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 11 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 13 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 14 Magellan magellan NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 radar radar NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 images image NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 published publish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 acl _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 2023 2023 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 18 obl _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 2024 2024 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 24 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 25 lava lava NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 flows flow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 27 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 28 nsubj _ _ 28 changed change VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 acl:relcl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 30 so so ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 31 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 35 nsubj _ _ 32 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 33 probably probably ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 34 still still ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 35 active active ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Venus | more volcanoes | | | | than any other planet | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent volcano=Patient | | 2 | **publish** | participle | | studies of old radar images *not said here* | | 2023 | | | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **find** | past | studies of old radar images | lava flows | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flow=Topic | | 4 | **change** | past | lava flows | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | present | some | | | | still | active, probably *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **study** | | | old radar images | | | | | nom study «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:004-venus.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Venus, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/12/) - next →: [Venus, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/)