--- title: Venus is almost the same size as the Earth and is our nearest planet… — Venus · tree and pragmatics description: Venus is almost the same size as the Earth and is our nearest planetary neighbour, which is why it is sometimes called Earth's twin. Who acts: Venus, nearest planetary neighbour. A sentence of the lesson «Venus» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Venus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/) / 5 # Venus, sentence 5 Venus is almost the same size as the Earth and is our nearest planetary neighbour, which is why it is sometimes called Earth's twin. **Who acts:** Venus, nearest planetary neighbour · **What happens:** be, call · **To what, where:** same size, nearest planetary neighbour, sun · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Venus» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Venus, nearest planetary neighbour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:004-venus.lesson:5 # text = Venus is almost the same size as the Earth and is our nearest planetary neighbour, which is why it is sometimes called Earth's twin. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 004-venus.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Venus Venus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 3 almost almost ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 as as ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 12 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 13 nearest near ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 15 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=15:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 14 planetary planetary ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 15 neighbour neighbour NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 19 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 15 acl:relcl _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj:pass _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux:pass _ _ 22 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 23 advmod _ _ 23 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 ccomp _ _ 24 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod:poss _ _ 25 's 's PART POS _ 24 case _ _ 26 twin twin NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:obj 27 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Venus | the same size and our nearest planetary neighbour | | | | as the Earth; almost *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | present | Venus *not said here* | our nearest planetary neighbour | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | present | our nearest planetary neighbour | | | | | why *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **call** | present · passive | | sun | | | | sometimes *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:004-venus.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Venus, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/4/) - next →: [Venus, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/4-venus/)