---
title: The Earth's axis is tilted by about 23.4 degrees, and this tilt, not… — The Earth as a planet · tree and pragmatics
description: The Earth's axis is tilted by about 23.4 degrees, and this tilt, not our distance from the Sun, causes the seasons. Who acts: 23.4 degrees, tilt. A sentence of the lesson «The Earth as a planet» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/5-the-earth-as-a-planet/7/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [The Earth as a planet](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/5-the-earth-as-a-planet/) / 7

# The Earth as a planet, sentence 7

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth's axis is tilted by about 23.4 degrees, and this tilt, not our distance from the Sun, causes the seasons.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** 23.4 degrees, tilt · **What happens:** tilt, cause · **To what, where:** axis

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Earth as a planet» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (23.4 degrees, tilt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:space:005-the-earth-as-a-planet.lesson:7
# text = The Earth's axis is tilted by about 23.4 degrees, and this tilt, not our distance from the Sun, causes the seasons.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = space
# lesson = 005-the-earth-as-a-planet.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	tilted	tilt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	about	about	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	23.4	23.4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
13	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	tilt	tilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
17	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
19	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
23	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	seasons	season	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tilt** | present · passive | 23.4 degrees | the Earth's axis |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme |
| 2 | **cause** | present | this tilt |  |  |  | season |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:005-the-earth-as-a-planet.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The Earth as a planet, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/5-the-earth-as-a-planet/6/)
- next →: [The Earth as a planet, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/5-the-earth-as-a-planet/8/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/5-the-earth-as-a-planet/)