---
title: The Moon makes no light of its own; it shines by reflecting sunlight. — The Moon · tree and pragmatics
description: The Moon makes no light of its own; it shines by reflecting sunlight. Who acts: Moon. A sentence of the lesson «The Moon» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Moon, sentence 16

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The Moon makes no light of its own; it shines by reflecting sunlight.

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**Who acts:** Moon · **What happens:** make, shine, reflect · **To what, where:** light, sunlight

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Moon» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:space:006-the-moon.lesson:16
# text = The Moon makes no light of its own; it shines by reflecting sunlight.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = space
# lesson = 006-the-moon.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nmod	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	shines	shine	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj
12	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	reflecting	reflect	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	advcl	_	_
14	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the Moon | no light of Moon's own |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product |
| 2 | **shine** | present | Moon |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **reflect** | gerund | the Moon *not said here* | sunlight |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:006-the-moon.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [The Moon, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/6-the-moon/15/)
- next →: [Phases, eclipses and tides, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/7-phases-eclipses-and-tides/0/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/6-the-moon/)