---
title: The Moon is covered in craters, some hundreds of kilometres wide, ma… — The Moon · tree and pragmatics
description: The Moon is covered in craters, some hundreds of kilometres wide, made by asteroids and comets hitting it. Who acts: asteroids. A sentence of the lesson «The Moon» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Moon, sentence 9

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The Moon is covered in craters, some hundreds of kilometres wide, made by asteroids and comets hitting it.

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**Who acts:** asteroids · **What happens:** cover, make, hit · **To what, where:** Moon, craters

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Moon» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (asteroids), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:space:006-the-moon.lesson:9
# text = The Moon is covered in craters, some hundreds of kilometres wide, made by asteroids and comets hitting it.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = space
# lesson = 006-the-moon.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj:pass|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	craters	crater	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	wide	wide	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	asteroids	asteroid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	comets	comet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
19	hitting	hit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	acl	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | present · passive |  | the Moon |  |  |  | in craters | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in crater=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | craters *not said here* |  |  |  | by asteroids and comets | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **hit** | gerund | asteroids and comets *not said here* | Moon |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:006-the-moon.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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