--- title: NASA's Curiosity rover has been exploring Gale Crater since 2012, an… — Mars · tree and pragmatics description: NASA's Curiosity rover has been exploring Gale Crater since 2012, and Perseverance has explored Jezero Crater, an old lake bed, since 2021. Who acts: Curiosity rover, Perseverance. A sentence of the lesson «Mars» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Mars](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/) / 11 # Mars, sentence 11 NASA's Curiosity rover has been exploring Gale Crater since 2012, and Perseverance has explored Jezero Crater, an old lake bed, since 2021. **Who acts:** Curiosity rover, Perseverance · **What happens:** explore · **To what, where:** Gale Crater, Jezero This is a sentence of the lesson «Mars» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Curiosity rover, Perseverance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:008-mars.lesson:11 # text = NASA's Curiosity rover has been exploring Gale Crater since 2012, and Perseverance has explored Jezero Crater, an old lake bed, since 2021. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 008-mars.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×4 1 NASA NASA PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ _ 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 Curiosity curiosity PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 4 rover rover NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 5 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 6 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 aux _ _ 7 exploring explore VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 8 Gale gale PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=9:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 9 Crater crater PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 10 since since ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 2012 2012 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 14 Perseverance Perseverance PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 15 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 explored explore VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 conj _ _ 17 Jezero Jezero PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 18 Crater crater PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 flat _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 21 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 22 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 bed bed NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:appos 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 since since ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 2021 2021 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 16 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **explore** | present · perfect · progressive | NASA's Curiosity rover | Gale Crater | | | since 2012 | | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent crater=Location | | 2 | **explore** | present · perfect | Perseverance | Jezero | | | since 2021 | | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent jezero=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:008-mars.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mars, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/10/) - next →: [Mars, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/)