--- title: Long ago water flowed there in rivers and lakes; today it is frozen… — Mars · tree and pragmatics description: Long ago water flowed there in rivers and lakes; today it is frozen in ice caps and underground, and rovers like Curiosity and Perseverance search the old lake beds for signs of ancient life. Who acts: water. A sentence of the lesson «Mars» of the space course of Mova's primary school with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/) / [Mars](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/) / 3 # Mars, sentence 3 Long ago water flowed there in rivers and lakes; today it is frozen in ice caps and underground, and rovers like Curiosity and Perseverance search the old lake beds for signs of ancient life. **Who acts:** water · **What happens:** flow, freeze, search, sign · **To what, where:** rivers, water, ice caps, old lake beds, ancient life This is a sentence of the lesson «Mars» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:space:008-mars.lesson:3 # text = Long ago water flowed there in rivers and lakes; today it is frozen in ice caps and underground, and rovers like Curiosity and Perseverance search the old lake beds for signs of ancient life. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = space # lesson = 008-mars.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 2 advmod _ _ 2 ago ago ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 3 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 flowed flow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 lakes lake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 11 today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl:unmarked _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 frozen freeze VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 15 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 caps cap NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 underground underground ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 conj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 rovers rover NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 parataxis _ _ 23 like like ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 Curiosity curiosity PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 Perseverance Perseverance PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=24:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 27 search search VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 22 parataxis _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 29 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 30 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 beds bed NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 32 for for ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 signs sign NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:nmod 34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 ancient ancient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **flow** | past | water | | | rivers and lakes; there | | ago *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location | | 2 | **freeze** | present · passive | | water | | ice caps | today | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | | 3 | **search** | infinitive | | the old lake beds | | | | for signs of ancient life | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent bed=Location for sign=Theme | | 4 | **sign** | | | ancient life | | | | | nom sign «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:space:008-mars.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mars, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/2/) - next →: [Mars, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/space/8-mars/)