--- title: The range is how far an electric car can go on one charge; it depend… — Electric cars and charging · tree and pragmatics description: The range is how far an electric car can go on one charge; it depends on battery size, speed, weather and heating, and cold weather shortens it, because batteries work less well in the cold and heating the car uses power. Who acts: electric car, it, cold weather, batteries. A sentence of the lesson --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/19-electric-cars-and-charging/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Electric cars and charging](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/19-electric-cars-and-charging/) / 17 # Electric cars and charging, sentence 17 The range is how far an electric car can go on one charge; it depends on battery size, speed, weather and heating, and cold weather shortens it, because batteries work less well in the cold and heating the car uses power. **Who acts:** electric car, it, cold weather, batteries, car · **What happens:** go, depend, shorten, work, heat, use · **To what, where:** one charge, car, power This is a sentence of the lesson «Electric cars and charging» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (electric car, it, cold weather, batteries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:019-electric-cars-and-charging.lesson:17 # text = The range is how far an electric car can go on one charge; it depends on battery size, speed, weather and heating, and cold weather shortens it, because batteries work less well in the cold and heating the car uses power. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 019-electric-cars-and-charging.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 range range NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ _ 5 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 10 advmod _ _ 6 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 electric electric ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 9 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 ccomp _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 charge charge NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 depends depend VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:conj 17 on on ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 battery battery NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 speed speed NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 weather weather NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 heating heating NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 28 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 weather weather NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ _ 30 shortens shorten VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 because because SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 34 batteries battery NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ _ 35 work work VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 advcl _ _ 36 less less ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 37 advmod _ _ 37 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 35 advmod _ _ 38 in in ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 cold cold NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=35:obl|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 42 heating heat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 40 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=35:conj 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ _ 45 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 ccomp _ _ 46 power power NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obj _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go** | can | a electric car | | | one charge | | far *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on charge=Location | | 2 | **depend** | present | it | | | | | on battery size and speed and weather and heating | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on size=Theme | | 3 | **shorten** | present | cold weather | car | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient | | 4 | **work** | present | batteries | | | | | in the cold; well *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in cold=Theme | | 5 | **heat** | gerund | batteries *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **use** | present | the car | power | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:019-electric-cars-and-charging.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Electric cars and charging, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/19-electric-cars-and-charging/16/) - next →: [Electric cars and charging, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/19-electric-cars-and-charging/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/19-electric-cars-and-charging/)