--- title: The cabin is pumped full of air, but its pressure is still lower tha… — Why planes fly · tree and pragmatics description: The cabin is pumped full of air, but its pressure is still lower than on the ground, so ears pop as the plane climbs and descends; swallowing, yawning or sucking a sweet helps. Who acts: pressure, ears, plane, swallowing. A sentence of the lesson «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Why planes fly](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/) / 15 # Why planes fly, sentence 15 The cabin is pumped full of air, but its pressure is still lower than on the ground, so ears pop as the plane climbs and descends; swallowing, yawning or sucking a sweet helps. **Who acts:** pressure, ears, plane, swallowing, cabin · **What happens:** pump, be, pop, climb, descend, swallow · **To what, where:** cabin, sweet This is a sentence of the lesson «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pressure, ears, plane, swallowing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:022-why-planes-fly.lesson:15 # text = The cabin is pumped full of air, but its pressure is still lower than on the ground, so ears pop as the plane climbs and descends; swallowing, yawning or sucking a sweet helps. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 022-why-planes-fly.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 cabin cabin NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 pumped pump VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 xcomp _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 9 but but CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 10 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 pressure pressure NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 12 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 13 still still ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 lower low ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 conj _ _ 15 than than ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 on on ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 so so ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 21 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 22 pop pop VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 23 as as SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:case 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 plane plane NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 26 climbs climb VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 advcl _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 descends descend VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 30 swallowing swallow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 37 csubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=37:nsubj 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 yawning yawn VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 30 conj _ _ 33 or or CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 sucking suck VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 30 conj _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 sweet sweet NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 37 helps help VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=37:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pump** | present · passive | | the cabin | | | | full *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **is** | present | cabin's pressure | | | | still | than the ground; low *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **pop** | present | ears | | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **climb** | present | the plane | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **descend** | present | the plane *not said here* | | | | | | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **swallow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **yawn** | gerund | | | | | | | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **suck** | gerund | | a sweet | | | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent sweet=Source | | 9 | **help** | present | swallowing | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **press** | | cabin | | | | | | nom pressure «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:022-why-planes-fly.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why planes fly, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/13/) - next →: [Why planes fly, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/)