--- title: High up the air is thin and freezing, so the cabin is pumped full of… — Why planes fly · tree and pragmatics description: High up the air is thin and freezing, so the cabin is pumped full of air, the pilots and computers watch every number, and the wings even bend and change shape on purpose. Who acts: air, pilots, wings. A sentence of the lesson «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school with i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Why planes fly](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/) / 5 # Why planes fly, sentence 5 High up the air is thin and freezing, so the cabin is pumped full of air, the pilots and computers watch every number, and the wings even bend and change shape on purpose. **Who acts:** air, pilots, wings · **What happens:** be, freeze, pump, watch, bend, change · **To what, where:** cabin, number, shape, purpose This is a sentence of the lesson «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (air, pilots, wings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:022-why-planes-fly.lesson:5 # text = High up the air is thin and freezing, so the cabin is pumped full of air, the pilots and computers watch every number, and the wings even bend and change shape on purpose. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 022-why-planes-fly.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 High high ADV RB Degree=Pos 2 advmod _ _ 2 up up ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 6 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 freezing freeze VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 conj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 10 so so ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 cabin cabin NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 pumped pump VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 15 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 xcomp _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 pilots pilot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 computers computer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ _ 23 watch watch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 24 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 25 det _ _ 25 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 wings wing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 30 even even ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 bend bend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 change change VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ _ 34 shape shape NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 35 on on ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 purpose purpose NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the air | | | | | thin *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **freeze** | gerund | the air *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **pump** | present · passive | | the cabin | | | | full *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **watch** | present | the pilots and computers | every number | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme | | 5 | **bend** | present | the wings | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **change** | present | the wings *not said here* | shape | | purpose | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:022-why-planes-fly.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why planes fly, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/3/) - next →: [Why planes fly, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/)