--- title: A jet engine sucks air in with a big fan, squeezes it, burns fuel in… — Why planes fly · tree and pragmatics description: A jet engine sucks air in with a big fan, squeezes it, burns fuel in it and blasts hot gas out of the back; in a modern airliner engine most of the push comes from the big fan at the front. Who acts: jet engine, most. A sentence of the lesson «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's prima --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Why planes fly](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/) / 8 # Why planes fly, sentence 8 A jet engine sucks air in with a big fan, squeezes it, burns fuel in it and blasts hot gas out of the back; in a modern airliner engine most of the push comes from the big fan at the front. **Who acts:** jet engine, most · **What happens:** suck in, squeeze, burn, blast, come · **To what, where:** air, fuel, hot gas, back, modern airliner engine This is a sentence of the lesson «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (jet engine, most), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:022-why-planes-fly.lesson:8 # text = A jet engine sucks air in with a big fan, squeezes it, burns fuel in it and blasts hot gas out of the back; in a modern airliner engine most of the push comes from the big fan at the front. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 022-why-planes-fly.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 jet jet NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 engine engine NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 sucks suck VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 7 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 fan fan NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 squeezes squeeze VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 burns burn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 16 fuel fuel NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 blasts blast VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 21 hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 out out ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 30 modern modern ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 31 airliner airliner NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 compound _ _ 32 engine engine NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 33 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 37 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=41:nsubj 34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 push push NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 37 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 38 from from ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 fan fan NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 42 at at ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 front front NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nmod _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **suck in** | present | a jet engine | air | | | | with a big fan | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent air=Source | | 2 | **squeeze** | present | a jet engine *not said here* | air | | | | | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 3 | **burn** | present | a jet engine *not said here* | fuel | | air | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent fuel=Theme | | 4 | **blast** | present | a jet engine *not said here* | hot gas | | the back | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location gas=Theme | | 5 | **come** | present | most of the push | | | a modern airliner engine | | from the big fan at the front | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from fan=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:022-why-planes-fly.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why planes fly, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/7/) - next →: [Why planes fly, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/22-why-planes-fly/)