--- title: A car, a bus or a train is a heavy machine that needs time and space… — Road and railway safety · tree and pragmatics description: A car, a bus or a train is a heavy machine that needs time and space to stop, and its driver can only stop for what they can see. Who acts: car, heavy machine, driver. A sentence of the lesson «Road and railway safety» of the technology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/27-road-and-railway-safety/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Road and railway safety](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/27-road-and-railway-safety/) / 0 # Road and railway safety, sentence 0 A car, a bus or a train is a heavy machine that needs time and space to stop, and its driver can only stop for what they can see. **Who acts:** car, heavy machine, driver · **What happens:** be, need, stop, see · **To what, where:** heavy machine This is a sentence of the lesson «Road and railway safety» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (car, heavy machine, driver), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:027-road-and-railway-safety.lesson:0 # text = A car, a bus or a train is a heavy machine that needs time and space to stop, and its driver can only stop for what they can see. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 027-road-and-railway-safety.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 bus bus NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:appos 6 or or CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 train train NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 conj _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 machine machine NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 13 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 14 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ _ 15 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 space space NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 stop stop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 acl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 22 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 driver driver NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 24 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 25 only only ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 stop stop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 26 obl _ _ 29 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 30 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 31 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 acl:relcl _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a car and a bus or a train | a heavy machine | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **need** | present | a heavy machine | | | | time | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot | | 3 | **stop** | to-infinitive | a heavy machine *not said here* | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 4 | **stop** | can | space's driver | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 5 | **see** | can | car | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:027-road-and-railway-safety.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Escalators and lifts, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/26-escalators-and-lifts/21/) - next →: [Road and railway safety, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/27-road-and-railway-safety/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/27-road-and-railway-safety/)