--- title: A pile driver drives long posts, called piles, deep into the ground… — Diggers, cranes and cement mixers · tree and pragmatics description: A pile driver drives long posts, called piles, deep into the ground to hold up buildings by carrying their weight down to firm ground, and tall buildings can stand on piles deeper than a house is tall; it is so loud that workers wear ear protection. Who acts: pile driver, long posts, tall buildings, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Diggers, cranes and cement mixers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/) / 19 # Diggers, cranes and cement mixers, sentence 19 A pile driver drives long posts, called piles, deep into the ground to hold up buildings by carrying their weight down to firm ground, and tall buildings can stand on piles deeper than a house is tall; it is so loud that workers wear ear protection. **Who acts:** pile driver, long posts, tall buildings, house, workers · **What happens:** drive, call, hold up, carry down, stand, be · **To what, where:** long posts, ground, piles, buildings, weight · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Diggers, cranes and cement mixers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pile driver, long posts, tall buildings, house), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:028-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers.lesson:19 # text = A pile driver drives long posts, called piles, deep into the ground to hold up buildings by carrying their weight down to firm ground, and tall buildings can stand on piles deeper than a house is tall; it is so loud that workers wear ear protection. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 028-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 pile pile NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 driver driver NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 drives drive VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 posts post NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl _ _ 9 piles pile NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:obj 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 deep deep ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 12 into into ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 acl _ _ 17 up up ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ _ 18 buildings building NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 19 by by SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 20 carrying carry VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 16 advcl _ _ 21 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 weight weight NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 down down ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 24 to to PART TO _ 25 mark _ _ 25 firm firm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 26 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:obj 27 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 29 tall tall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 buildings building NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ _ 31 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 stand stand VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 33 on on ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 piles pile NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=32:obj 35 deeper deep ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 34 amod _ _ 36 than than SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 40 tall tall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 advcl _ _ 41 ; ; PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ _ 42 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 43 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 45 cop _ _ 44 so so ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ _ 45 loud loud ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=32:conj 46 that that SCONJ IN _ 48 mark _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=50:mark 47 workers worker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 48 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=48:compound 48 wear wear NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 compound _ _ 49 ear ear NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 compound _ _ 50 protection protection NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 advcl _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **drive** | present | a pile driver | long posts | | the ground | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent post=Theme into ground=Trajectory | | 2 | **call** | participle | long posts *not said here* | piles | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **hold up** | to-infinitive | a pile driver *not said here* | buildings | | | | | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot building=Theme | | 4 | **carry down** | gerund | a pile driver *not said here* | piles's weight | | | | firm ground *obl*; down *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weight=Theme | | 5 | **stand** | can | tall buildings | | | piles | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on pile=Location | | 6 | **is** | present | a house | | | | | tall *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **is** | present | house | | | | | loud *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **wear** | | workers | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:028-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers.lesson:19`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Diggers, cranes and cement mixers, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/18/) - next →: [Diggers, cranes and cement mixers, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/20/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/)