--- title: Hard hats protect heads from falling things, and hi-vis vests make w… — Diggers, cranes and cement mixers · tree and pragmatics description: Hard hats protect heads from falling things, and hi-vis vests make workers easy to see; hi-vis means high visibility. Who acts: Hard hats, vis vests, workers, hi vis. A sentence of the lesson «Diggers, cranes and cement mixers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Diggers, cranes and cement mixers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/) / 21 # Diggers, cranes and cement mixers, sentence 21 Hard hats protect heads from falling things, and hi-vis vests make workers easy to see; hi-vis means high visibility. **Who acts:** Hard hats, vis vests, workers, hi vis · **What happens:** protect, fall, make, see, mean · **To what, where:** heads, things, workers, high visibility This is a sentence of the lesson «Diggers, cranes and cement mixers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hard hats, vis vests, workers, hi vis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:028-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers.lesson:21 # text = Hard hats protect heads from falling things, and hi-vis vests make workers easy to see; hi-vis means high visibility. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 028-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×3 1 Hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 hats hat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 protect protect VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 heads head NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 falling fall VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 obl _ _ 7 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=3:punct 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 10 hi hi ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:amod 11 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 12 punct _ _ 12 vis vi NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=13:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 13 vests vest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 15 workers worker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 16 easy easy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 xcomp _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 xcomp _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 hi hi ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:amod 21 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 22 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 22 vis vi NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=23:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 23 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 24 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 visibility visibility NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **protect** | present | Hard hats | heads | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Beneficiary | | 2 | **fall** | gerund | | things | | | | | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient thing=Result | | 3 | **make** | present | vis vests | workers | | | | easy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material worker=Product | | 4 | **see** | to-infinitive | workers *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **mean** | present | hi vis | high visibility | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent visibility=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:028-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers.lesson:21`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Diggers, cranes and cement mixers, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/20/) - next →: [Diggers, cranes and cement mixers, 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/22/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/)