--- title: A digger's engine drives a pump that pushes oil into pistons, called… — Diggers, cranes and cement mixers · tree and pragmatics description: A digger's engine drives a pump that pushes oil into pistons, called hydraulics, which move the arm and bucket with huge force; its tracks spread its weight so it does not sink in mud. Who acts: engine, pump, pistons, hydraulics. A sentence of the lesson «Diggers, cranes and cement mixers» of the te --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Diggers, cranes and cement mixers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/) / 9 # Diggers, cranes and cement mixers, sentence 9 A digger's engine drives a pump that pushes oil into pistons, called hydraulics, which move the arm and bucket with huge force; its tracks spread its weight so it does not sink in mud. **Who acts:** engine, pump, pistons, hydraulics, tracks · **What happens:** drive, push, call, move, spread, not sink · **To what, where:** pump, oil, pistons, hydraulics, arm, weight · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Diggers, cranes and cement mixers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (engine, pump, pistons, hydraulics), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:028-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers.lesson:9 # text = A digger's engine drives a pump that pushes oil into pistons, called hydraulics, which move the arm and bucket with huge force; its tracks spread its weight so it does not sink in mud. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 028-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 digger digger NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ _ 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 engine engine NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 drives drive VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 pump pump NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 9 pushes push VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 acl:relcl _ _ 10 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 11 into into ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 pistons piston NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 acl _ _ 15 hydraulics hydraulics NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 nsubj _ _ 18 move move VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 acl:relcl _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 bucket bucket NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 23 with with ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 force force NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=5:punct 27 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 tracks track NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 29 spread spread VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 31 weight weight NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 32 so so ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 34 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 35 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 36 advmod _ _ 36 sink sink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 advcl _ _ 37 in in ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 mud mud NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **drive** | present | a digger's engine | a pump | | | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme pump=Trajectory | | 2 | **push** | present | a pump | oil | | pistons | | | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent oil=Theme into piston=Destination | | 3 | **call** | participle | pistons *not said here* | hydraulics | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent hydraulics=Recipient | | 4 | **move** | present | hydraulics | the arm and bucket | | | | with huge force | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent arm=Theme | | 5 | **spread** | present | engine's tracks | engine's weight | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location weight=Theme | | 6 | **not** **sink** | present · do-support | engine | | | mud | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:028-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Diggers, cranes and cement mixers, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/8/) - next →: [Diggers, cranes and cement mixers, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/28-diggers-cranes-and-cement-mixers/)