---
title: A skyscraper is a strong steel or concrete core and frame standing o… — Bridges and skyscrapers · tree and pragmatics
description: A skyscraper is a strong steel or concrete core and frame standing on deep foundations; its glass walls are only a skin. Who acts: skyscraper, concrete core, glass walls. A sentence of the lesson «Bridges and skyscrapers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and
---

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# Bridges and skyscrapers, sentence 8

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A skyscraper is a strong steel or concrete core and frame standing on deep foundations; its glass walls are only a skin.

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**Who acts:** skyscraper, concrete core, glass walls · **What happens:** be, stand · **To what, where:** strong steel, deep foundations, skin

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Bridges and skyscrapers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (skyscraper, concrete core, glass walls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:technology:030-bridges-and-skyscrapers.lesson:8
# text = A skyscraper is a strong steel or concrete core and frame standing on deep foundations; its glass walls are only a skin.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = technology
# lesson = 030-bridges-and-skyscrapers.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skyscraper	skyscraper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	steel	steel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	concrete	concrete	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	core	core	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	frame	frame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	foundations	foundation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
21	only	only	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a skyscraper | a strong steel or concrete core and frame and a skin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stand** | gerund | concrete core and frame *not said here* |  |  | deep foundations |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on foundation=Location |
| 3 | **is a** | present | skyscraper's glass walls | a skin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:030-bridges-and-skyscrapers.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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