--- title: In the UK and much of Europe, circular signs give orders, triangular… — Roads and road signs · tree and pragmatics description: In the UK and much of Europe, circular signs give orders, triangular signs warn and rectangular signs give information, and a reflective coating makes them shine at night. Who acts: circular signs, triangular signs, rectangular signs, reflective coating. A sentence of the lesson «Roads and road sign --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/31-roads-and-road-signs/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Roads and road signs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/31-roads-and-road-signs/) / 16 # Roads and road signs, sentence 16 In the UK and much of Europe, circular signs give orders, triangular signs warn and rectangular signs give information, and a reflective coating makes them shine at night. **Who acts:** circular signs, triangular signs, rectangular signs, reflective coating, signs · **What happens:** give, warn, make, shine · **To what, where:** orders, UK, information, signs This is a sentence of the lesson «Roads and road signs» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (circular signs, triangular signs, rectangular signs, reflective coating), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:031-roads-and-road-signs.lesson:16 # text = In the UK and much of Europe, circular signs give orders, triangular signs warn and rectangular signs give information, and a reflective coating makes them shine at night. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 031-roads-and-road-signs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R2-punct-next ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 UK UK PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=3:cc 5 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 9 circular circular ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 signs sign NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 11 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 12 orders order NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=11:punct 14 triangular triangular ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 signs sign NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 16 warn warn VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 18 rectangular rectangular ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 signs sign NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 20 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 21 information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 reflective reflective ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 coating coating NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 27 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 28 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ _ 29 shine shine VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 xcomp _ _ 30 at at ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | present | circular signs | orders | | the UK | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Theme | | 2 | **warn** *speech: warn* | present | triangular signs | | | | | | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **give** | present | rectangular signs | information | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent information=Theme | | 4 | **make** | present | a reflective coating | signs *= sign* | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **shine** | infinitive | signs *= sign* *not said here* | | | | night | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:031-roads-and-road-signs.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Roads and road signs, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/31-roads-and-road-signs/14/) - next →: [Roads and road signs, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/31-roads-and-road-signs/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/31-roads-and-road-signs/)