--- title: Sculling means one person rows with two oars called sculls, as the R… — Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mi… · tree and pragmatics description: Sculling means one person rows with two oars called sculls, as the Rat does; in rowing each person holds one oar with both hands; both face backwards, because pulling the oars towards you is the strongest way to row, while a canoeist with a paddle faces forwards. Who acts: one person, two oars, Rat, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/41-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/41-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat/) / 16 # Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barges and how not to tip a rowing boat, sentence 16 Sculling means one person rows with two oars called sculls, as the Rat does; in rowing each person holds one oar with both hands; both face backwards, because pulling the oars towards you is the strongest way to row, while a canoeist with a paddle faces forwards. **Who acts:** one person, two oars, Rat, person, both, pulling · **What happens:** scull, mean, row, call, do, hold · **To what, where:** sculls, one oar, rowing, oars, strongest way · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs, water-mills, barges and how not to tip a rowing boat» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one person, two oars, Rat, person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:technology:041-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat.lesson:16 # text = Sculling means one person rows with two oars called sculls, as the Rat does; in rowing each person holds one oar with both hands; both face backwards, because pulling the oars towards you is the strongest way to row, while a canoeist with a paddle faces forwards. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = technology # lesson = 041-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Sculling scull VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 nsubj _ _ 2 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _ 4 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 rows row VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 6 with with ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 8 oars oar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 acl _ _ 10 sculls scull NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 xcomp _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 as as SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 Rat Rat PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 does do VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 18 rowing rowing NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger 19 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 20 det _ _ 20 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 22 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 23 oar oar NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 with with ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 26 det _ _ 26 hands hand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=23:nmod 27 ; ; PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 29 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=29:nsubj|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Tot 29 face face VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 30 backwards backward ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 because because SCONJ IN _ 41 mark _ _ 33 pulling pull VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 41 csubj _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 oars oar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obj _ _ 36 towards towards ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ _ 38 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 cop _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 strongest strong ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 41 amod _ _ 41 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 advcl _ _ 42 to to PART TO _ 43 mark _ _ 43 row row VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 acl _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=47:punct 45 while while SCONJ IN _ 51 mark _ _ 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 canoeist canoeist NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 nsubj _ _ 48 with with ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 paddle paddle NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nmod _ _ 51 faces face VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 52 forwards forward ADV RB _ 51 advmod _ _ 53 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **scull** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **mean** | present | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **row** | present | one person | | | | | with two oars | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **call** | participle | two oars *not said here* | sculls | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **do** | present | the Rat | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **hold** | present | each person | one oar | | rowing | | with both hands | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent oar=Theme in rowing=Location | | 7 | **face** | present | both | | | | | backward *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **pull** | gerund | | the oars | | | | towards you | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent oar=Theme towards you=Destination | | 9 | **is a** | present | pulling | the strongest way | | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **row** | to-infinitive | both *not said here* | | | | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 11 | **face** | present | a canoeist with a paddle | | | | | forward *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:041-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/41-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat/15/) - next →: [Rivers, canals and boats: locks, weirs…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/41-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/41-rivers-canals-and-boats-locks-weirs-water-mills-barges-and-how-not-to-tip-a-rowing-boat/)