---
title: Paint shops are kept dust-free because one speck under the paint sho… — How a car is built · tree and pragmatics
description: Paint shops are kept dust-free because one speck under the paint shows as a bump. Who acts: one speck. A sentence of the lesson «How a car is built» of the technology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/8-how-a-car-is-built/8/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Technology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/) / [How a car is built](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/8-how-a-car-is-built/) / 8

# How a car is built, sentence 8

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Paint shops are kept dust-free because one speck under the paint shows as a bump.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** one speck · **What happens:** keep, show · **To what, where:** Paint shops

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «How a car is built» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one speck), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:technology:008-how-a-car-is-built.lesson:8
# text = Paint shops are kept dust-free because one speck under the paint shows as a bump.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = technology
# lesson = 008-how-a-car-is-built.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	shops	shop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	_
7	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
8	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	speck	speck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
11	under	under	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	bump	bump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · passive |  | Paint shops |  |  |  | free *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **show** | present | one speck under the paint |  |  |  |  | as a bump | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:technology:008-how-a-car-is-built.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [How a car is built, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/8-how-a-car-is-built/7/)
- next →: [How a car is built, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/8-how-a-car-is-built/9/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/technology/8-how-a-car-is-built/)