--- title: "ruchka" means pen and also "little hand", so "daI ruchku" can mean… — Marks, exercise books, tests and holidays · tree and pragmatics description: "ruchka" means pen and also "little hand", so "daI ruchku" can mean "give me a pen" or "give me your hand". Who acts: ruchka, daI. A sentence of the lesson «Marks, exercise books, tests and holidays» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/17-marks-exercise-books-tests-and-holidays/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Ukrainian street](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/) / [Marks, exercise books, tests and holid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/17-marks-exercise-books-tests-and-holidays/) / 9 # Marks, exercise books, tests and holidays, sentence 9 "ruchka" means pen and also "little hand", so "daI ruchku" can mean "give me a pen" or "give me your hand". **Who acts:** ruchka, daI · **What happens:** mean, give · **To what, where:** pen, dvanAdtsyat, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Marks, exercise books, tests and holidays» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ruchka, daI), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:ukrainian-street:017-marks-exercise-books-tests-and-holidays.lesson:9 # text = "ruchka" means pen and also "little hand", so "daI ruchku" can mean "give me a pen" or "give me your hand". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = ukrainian-street # lesson = 017-marks-exercise-books-tests-and-holidays.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 ruchka ruchka X FW Foreign=Yes 4 nsubj _ _ 3 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 pen pen NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 7 also also ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 8 " " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 9 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj 11 " " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 13 so so ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 14 " " PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=13:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 15 daI daI X FW Foreign=Yes 19 nsubj _ _ 16 ruchku ruchku X FW Foreign=Yes 15 flat _ _ 17 " " PUNCT '' _ 19 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=19:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:``:_ 18 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 mean mean VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 20 " " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ _ 21 give give VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 22 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 iobj _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 pen pen NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 25 " " PUNCT '' _ 21 punct _ _ 26 or or CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 " " PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ _ 28 give give VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:conj 29 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 iobj _ _ 30 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 31 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 32 " " PUNCT '' _ 28 punct _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | ruchka | pen and little hand | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pen=Topic | | 2 | **mean** | can | daI | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **give** *in a quote* | infinitive | daI *not said here* | a pen | dvanAdtsyat | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient pen=Theme | | 4 | **give** *in a quote* | infinitive | daI *not said here* | your hand | dvanAdtsyat | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient hand=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:ukrainian-street:017-marks-exercise-books-tests-and-holidays.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Marks, exercise books, tests and holid…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/17-marks-exercise-books-tests-and-holidays/8/) - next →: [Marks, exercise books, tests and holid…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/17-marks-exercise-books-tests-and-holidays/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/17-marks-exercise-books-tests-and-holidays/)