---
title: "kholodno" means "it's cold"; a mum may say "odyahnysya teplishe", d… — Animal sounds, rain, snow, sun and rainbows · tree and pragmatics
description: "kholodno" means "it's cold"; a mum may say "odyahnysya teplishe", dress warmer. Who acts: kholodno, mum. A sentence of the lesson «Animal sounds, rain, snow, sun and rainbows» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Animal sounds, rain, snow, sun and rainbows, sentence 9

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"kholodno" means "it's cold"; a mum may say "odyahnysya teplishe", dress warmer.

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**Who acts:** kholodno, mum · **What happens:** mean, be, say, dress · **To what, where:** odyahnysya teplishe · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Animal sounds, rain, snow, sun and rainbows» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kholodno, mum), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:ukrainian-street:023-animal-sounds-rain-snow-sun-rainbows.lesson:9
# text = "kholodno" means "it's cold"; a mum may say "odyahnysya teplishe", dress warmer.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = ukrainian-street
# lesson = 023-animal-sounds-rain-snow-sun-rainbows.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	_
2	kholodno	kholodno	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
16	odyahnysya	odyahnysya	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	teplishe	teplishe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	dress	dress	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
21	warmer	warm	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	20	advmod	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none, voice=narrator

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | kholodno |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | kholodno |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | may | a mum | odyahnysya teplishe |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent teplishe=Topic |
| 4 | **dress** | infinitive | a mum *not said here* |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:ukrainian-street:023-animal-sounds-rain-snow-sun-rainbows.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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